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''Mysterioso Pizzicato'', also known as ''The Villain'' or ''The Villain's Theme'', is a piece of music whose earliest known publication was in 1914, when it appeared in an early collection of incidental photoplay music aimed at accompanists for silent films. The main motif, with minor variations, has become a well-known and widely used device (or "cliche"〔Hand, Richard J. (2013) "Zappa and Horror: Screamin' at the monster" in Paul Carr (ed), ''Frank Zappa and the And'', p.25. Farmham, Ashgate. ISBN 9781409473466.〕), incorporated into various other musical works, and the scores of films, TV programmes and video games, as well as unnotated indications in film scripts. Both a character theme (the "traditional 'bad-guy' cue"〔) and situation theme,〔Randall, Charles H. and Bushnel, Joan LeGro (1986). ''Hisses, Boos & Cheers, Or, A Practical Guide to the Planning, Producing, and Performing of Melodrama'', p.61. Dramatic. ISBN 9780871294210.〕 it is used to herald foreboding or disaster and to represent villainy, sneakiness, or stealth. A version of this theme is contrasted with themes such as the hero's ().〔Braun, Wilbur (1989). ''Foiled Again: Two Musical Melodramas'', p.4. Samuel French. ISBN 9780573682001.〕 Various versions have in common staccato notes, or a note-rest pattern, in imitation of the short sustain of string pizzicato. They share a minor key, considered more sad or ominous. They begin with a staccato ascending arpeggio, reach a tremolo or trill on the minor submediant (6), and then descend through faster step-wise melodic motion. ==History== The tune appeared as no. 89 in ''The Remick Folio of Moving Picture Music, vol. I'', compiled and edited by the Danish-American composer J. Bodewalt Lampe and published on March 24, 1914 by Jerome H. Remick & Co., New York and Detroit.〔Fuld, James J. (2000) ''The Book Of World-Famous Music'', 5th ed. Dover Publications. p. 385〕〔(Program notes ), ''From Nineteenth-Century Stage Drama to Twenty-First-Century Film Scoring: Musicodramatic Practice and Knowledge Organization'' (2012) Society for American Music and the California State University, Long Beach, College of the Arts〕〔Magee (2012), p.321n31.〕 It is unclear whether Lampe himself was the composer or transcriber of the piece. It also bears a resemblance to part of John Stepan Zamecnik's 1913 composition ''Mysterious - Burglar Music 1'', which appeared in ''Sam Fox Moving Picture Music volume 1'',〔, Vol. II, p.16. Accessed: September 28, 2015.〕 a widely distributed collection of silent film music. It has been described as reflecting "the tradition of stealthy tremolos that marked the entrance of villains in 19th century stage melodrama".〔 By 1917 the idea of villain's motifs in general, or variants of the specific motif, was established well enough for an author to warn against the, "monotonous and wearisome," overuse of the motif, "whenever (villain ) is seen.〔O'Sullivan, Joseph (1917). "Music in Motion Pictures", ''(Pacific Coast Musical Review'', Volume 33 ), No.12, p.11. Saturday, 02/12/1917. Alfred Metzger. .〕 Other motifs used to indicate villainy or danger include the second section of "Hearts and Flowers" (1893).〔Holland, Nola Nolen (2013). ''Music Fundamentals for Dance'', p.13. Human Kinetics. ISBN 9780736096522.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mysterioso Pizzicato」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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